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Gable - The triangular portion of the end
wall located above the elevation of the eave.
Gable Roof - A
ridged roof that terminates in gables.
Galvanized - Steel coated
with zinc for corrosion resistance.
Girder - A main horizontal
or near horizontal structural member that supports vertical loads. It may
consist of several pieces.
Girt - A horizontal structural member
that is attached to side wall or end wall columns and supports
paneling.
Glaze of Glazing - The process of installing glass in
windows and doors.
Grade - The term used when referring to the
ground elevation around a building.
Grade Beam - A concrete beam
around the perimeter of a building.
Ground Snow Load - The load
from snow that has accumulated on the ground. The actual load
applied to the roof design is generally reduced to 70% of the Ground Snow
Load. This is done because some of the snow blows off the roof
instead of accumulating. (See Roof Snow Load)
Grout - A
mixture of cement, sand, and water used to fill cracks and cavities.
Sometimes used under vase plates or leveling plates to obtain uniform
bearing surfaces. Not normally used in conjunction with metal building
systems.
Gusset Plate - A steel plate used to reinforce or
connect structural elements.
Gutter - A gage metal member at an
eave, valley, or parapet designed to carry water from the roof to
downspouts or drains.
"H" Section - A steel member with a "H"
cross section.
Hairpin - U-shaped reinforcing steel used to
transfer anchor bolt shear (due to column thrust) to concrete floor
mass.
Haunch - The deepened portion of a column or rafter
designed to accommodate the higher bending moments at such points.
(Usually occurs at the connection of column and rafter).
Haunch
Brace - A diagonal brace from the intersection of the column and
rafter section of the rigid frame to the eave to prevent lateral buckling
of the haunch.
Header - The horizontal framing member located at
the top of a framed opening.
High Strength Bolts - Any bolt made
from steel having a tensile strength in excess of 100,000 pounds per
square inch (690 MPa).
High Strength Steel - Structural steel
having a yield stress in excess of 36,000 pounds per square inch (250 MPa).
Hinged Base - See "Pin Connection".
Hip Roof - A
roof which rises by inclined planes from all four sides of a building. The
line where two adjacent sloping sides of a roof meet is called the
Hip.
Hoist - A mechanical lifting device usually attached to a
trolley which travels along a bridge, monorail, or jib crane. May be chain
or electric operated.
Hot-Rolled Shapes - Steel sections
(angles, channels, S-shaped, W-shapes, etc.) which are formed by rolling
mills while the steel is in a semi-molten state.
ICBO - International Conference of
Building Officials.
Ice Dam - A buildup of ice which forms a dam
on the roof covering along the eave of the building.
Impact Load
- A dynamic load resulting from the motion of machinery, elevators,
craneways, vehicles, and other similar moving forces. See "Auxiliary
Loads"
Impact Wrench - A pneumatic device used to tighten nuts
on bolts.
Insulation - Any material used in building
construction to reduce heat transfer.
Intermediate Bay - The
distance between two primary frames within a building, other than end
frames.
Internal Pressure - Pressure inside a building which is
a function of wind velocity and number and location of openings.
Jack Beam - A beam used to support another
beam, rafter, or truss and eliminate a column support.
Jack
Truss - A truss used to support another beam, rafter, or truss and
eliminate a column support.
Jamb - The vertical framing members
located at the sides of an opening.
Jib Crane - A cantilevered
boom or horizontal beam with hoist and trolley. This lifting machine may
pick up loads in all or part of a circle around the column to which it is
attached.
Jig - A device used to hold pieces of material in a
certain position during fabrication.
Joist - A beam used for
supporting floor or roof.
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